How Should Your Industry Use AI?

The Dermer Rule, applied industry by industry — what to hand to AI, and what stays human.

The Dermer Rule is the new 80/20 for the AI era: let AI do the ~80% of the work that is mechanical, repeatable and information-heavy, so people can focus on the ~20% only humans can do — judgment, vision, relationships, trust and accountability. The objective is not to add AI features on top of how things already run; it is to redesign how the work gets done.

Every industry has its own 80% and its own 20%. Below, the Dermer Rule applied to the real work of each industry — what to move to AI, and the human core that customers still come for.

The Dermer Rule, Industry by Industry

How should Technology & SaaS use AI?

Hand AI the mechanical 80%: boilerplate code, test generation, documentation, tier-one support, log analysis, A/B experiment setup, and usage analytics. Reserve the human 20% for deciding what deserves to be built, which architecture tradeoffs you can live with, how much security risk is acceptable, and which customer signals matter. The move isn’t shipping an “AI feature”; it’s rebuilding your development and support workflow around what only your people can judge.

How should E-commerce use AI?

Let AI run the repeatable 80%: product-description drafting, pricing and promotion tests, on-site personalization, ad creative variants, inventory and fulfillment optimization, and routine order-status service. The human 20% is what stays yours: brand voice, product-curation taste, empathy in the messy returns and complaints, and reputation. Don’t just bolt a chatbot onto checkout. Rethink the whole buying journey so people spend their hours on why customers choose you, not on manual catalog upkeep.

How should Content Creators use AI?

AI can absorb the grind: topic research, first-draft scripts, editing passes, clip extraction, captions, cross-platform repurposing, and performance analytics. What it can’t manufacture is your point of view, lived experience, personality, and the credibility your audience actually follows. That’s the human 20%. Stop treating AI as a novelty generator and redesign your production line so more of your time goes into having something worth saying and a real reason people care who’s saying it.

How should Freelancers use AI?

Push the overhead to AI: proposal drafts, research, invoicing, scheduling, follow-up sequences, and first passes on deliverables. Guard the human 20% that clients actually pay for: your expertise, your judgment on their specific problem, negotiation, and the trust behind the relationship. The freelancers who thrive won’t be the ones cranking out more billable busywork faster. They’ll be the ones who redesigned their day so nearly all of it is the expertise the client believed they hired.

How should Solopreneurs use AI?

Running a business alone means every hat lands on you, so route the mechanical 80% to AI: marketing content, bookkeeping prep, customer emails, research, scheduling, and admin. Keep your scarce human 20% on the decisions no assistant can make for you: what to build, which customers to serve, how to price, and the personal relationships that close deals. The goal isn’t to look busy across ten tools. It’s to redesign the whole operation so you work on the business, not just in it.

How should Marketing & Advertising Agencies use AI?

Give AI the production load: audience research, media-plan modeling, copy and creative variants, campaign reporting, and competitive scans. Hold back the human 20% that separates agencies that keep clients from ones that lose them: the strategic insight, the creative idea, and the accountability for the client’s result. AI makes generic output cheap, which raises the bar. Redesign the shop so your people spend their time on the big idea and the trust, not on assembling decks.

How should Consulting use AI?

Consulting has long billed for the 80% AI now does in minutes: data gathering, benchmarking, market sizing, model building, and slide production. That means your value migrates entirely to the human 20%: correctly framing the real problem, reading the client’s politics, and making a recommendation you’ll stake your name on. Clients won’t pay for research they can generate themselves. Rebuild the engagement so it’s mostly diagnosis, judgment, and conviction, delivered by someone who owns the advice.

How should Professional Services use AI?

Across professional-services firms, AI can carry the engagement machinery: intake, document assembly, research, status reporting, time capture, and scheduling. The human 20% is the advisory core clients retain you for: understanding their situation, exercising seasoned judgment, and standing behind the outcome. As routine deliverables commoditize, differentiation comes from relationship depth and reliability under complexity. Don’t automate around the edges. Redesign how the work is scoped and delivered so senior judgment reaches every client, not just the biggest ones.

How should Healthcare Providers use AI?

Let AI shoulder the administrative and analytical 80%: clinical note-taking, scheduling, prior-authorization paperwork, evidence lookup, and pattern flags in monitoring data. The human 20% is sacred: the diagnosis, the bedside empathy, the treatment decision, and the hard conversation with a frightened patient. Documentation burnout is stealing time from care. Redesign the visit so the clinician is present with the person in front of them and personally owns every decision that touches a human life.

How should Law Firms use AI?

AI is built for the legal 80%: case-law research, document review, e-discovery, contract and brief first drafts, deposition summaries, and citation checking, always verified against real sources. The human 20% is where the practice lives: legal strategy, advocacy, counseling a client through a decision, and the ethical duty you can’t delegate. Billable-hour leverage is being redrawn. Rebuild matters so associates spend their time on judgment and advocacy, and confirm every AI-produced citation before it reaches a court.

How should Accounting Firms use AI?

Route the repeatable 80% to AI: transaction categorization, reconciliations, audit-sample selection, tax-code research, and financial-statement drafting. The human 20% is the professional judgment that carries real liability: materiality calls, treatment of gray areas, client advisory, and the signature that says this is right. Compliance is commoditizing fast. Redesign the firm so staff move off data entry and into advisory and judgment, because clients increasingly pay for guidance and assurance, not for keying in numbers.

How should Financial Services use AI?

AI excels at the analytical 80%: forecasting, reconciliations, portfolio and scenario modeling, transaction monitoring, anomaly detection, and reporting. The human 20% carries consequences a model can’t own: setting risk appetite, fiduciary judgment, understanding a client’s real goals, and accountability when money is on the line. In finance, a confident wrong answer is expensive. Redesign the workflow so people make the consequential calls with full context, and the machine handles the volume that used to bury them.

How should Real Estate use AI?

Let AI handle the 80%: pulling comps, drafting listing copy, valuation analysis, lead nurturing, and market reports. Keep the human 20% front and center: reading a neighborhood, negotiating, and guiding people through what is usually the largest, most emotional transaction of their lives. Buyers and sellers can find data anywhere now. Redesign your practice so you’re spending your hours on relationships, negotiation, and the local read, and owning the high-stakes calls that data alone can’t make.

How should Construction use AI?

Hand AI the planning 80%: estimating, scheduling, submittal and RFI tracking, plan takeoffs, progress-photo logging, and material forecasting. The human 20% happens where plans meet dirt: field problem-solving, safety, crew leadership, and the judgment call when reality doesn’t match the drawings. Margins live and die in the field. Redesign the job so the office runs on automation and your best people are on site making the calls that keep the project safe, on time, and profitable.

How should Manufacturing use AI?

AI is made for the plant’s 80%: production planning, predictive maintenance, vision-based quality inspection, procurement, demand forecasting, and process monitoring. The human 20% owns the moments machines can’t: floor safety, handling the exception when a line goes down, supplier relationships, and process judgment. Efficiency is table stakes now. Redesign operations so data drives the routine and your experienced people are freed to own the deviations, because reality on the floor never fully behaves like the model.

How should Retail use AI?

Give AI the operational 80%: demand forecasting, merchandising analysis, dynamic pricing, personalization, inventory optimization, and routine customer service. The human 20% is why people walk in rather than click: your brand, the in-store experience, product taste, and the memorable moment when a customer needs real help. Convenience and price are a race to the bottom. Redesign the store so staff aren’t buried in stock chores and instead create the reason customers care beyond the transaction.

How should Restaurants use AI?

Let AI run the back-office 80%: demand forecasting, labor scheduling, inventory and ordering, reservation management, review triage, and menu-mix analysis. The human 20% is what turns a meal into hospitality: warmth at the table, the taste and consistency of the food, culture in the kitchen, and recovering gracefully when something goes wrong. Diners remember how you made them feel. Redesign operations so managers stop wrestling spreadsheets and pour their energy into the guest experience.

How should Hospitality use AI?

AI can carry the 80%: revenue management, guest personalization, staff scheduling, demand forecasting, and routine service inquiries. The human 20% is the craft of hospitality itself: the genuine welcome, emotional intelligence, service recovery when a stay goes sideways, and local knowledge no algorithm holds. Guests forgive a lot when they feel cared for. Redesign the property so technology handles logistics and your people are freed to recognize the moment a guest needs a human, not a transaction.

How should Education & Training use AI?

Let AI absorb the 80%: lesson and material generation, practice and assessment creation, personalized pacing, administrative work, and learning analytics. The human 20% is what actually changes people: mentorship, motivation, inspiration, safeguarding, and the judgment to meet a struggling learner where they are. Content has never been the bottleneck; growth is. Redesign programs so instructors spend less time producing materials and more time creating the conditions in which people genuinely learn and develop.

How should Media & Publishing use AI?

AI handles the newsroom 80%: research, transcription, copyediting, headline and summary variants, SEO formatting, and multi-channel distribution. The human 20% is editorial judgment: deciding what’s worth covering, protecting voice and accuracy, verifying sources, and the ethics that underpin credibility. When anyone can generate text, trustworthy judgment becomes the product. Redesign the workflow so editors and reporters spend their time deciding what deserves attention and why it matters, not on mechanical formatting and cleanup.

How should Recruiting & Staffing use AI?

Push the sourcing 80% to AI: candidate discovery, resume screening, initial outreach, interview scheduling, and pipeline analytics. The human 20% is what makes a placement stick: judging potential a resume hides, persuading top candidates, reading culture fit, ensuring fairness, and handling the hard conversations. Speed matters, but a bad match costs everyone. Redesign the desk so recruiters stop drowning in coordination and spend their time recognizing the person the profile can’t fully describe.

How should Insurance use AI?

AI is suited to the 80%: underwriting data assembly, claims triage, fraud-signal detection, policy-document processing, and actuarial modeling support. The human 20% carries the trust: judgment on complex or disputed claims, fair settlement, empathy with someone at the worst moment of their year, and accountability. Claimants remember how they were treated during a loss. Redesign the process so routine claims move fast and adjusters have the time and context to handle the ones that need a human.

How should Banking use AI?

Let AI run the 80%: transaction monitoring, credit pre-screening, KYC and AML flagging, document processing, and forecasting. The human 20% is where consequence and relationship live: the lending decision on a borderline file, relationship banking, deciding what risk to accept, and being accountable for it. Trust is the whole franchise in banking. Redesign operations so compliance and analysis run on automation while bankers spend their time on judgment calls and the customer relationships that keep deposits and loans on the books.

How should Wealth Management use AI?

Hand AI the analytical 80%: portfolio analysis, rebalancing and tax-loss-harvesting scenarios, research summaries, performance reporting, and monitoring. The human 20% is the advisory heart: understanding a client’s goals and fears, coaching them through market panic, exercising fiduciary judgment, and earning lasting trust. Clients don’t stay for the spreadsheet; they stay for the relationship. Redesign the practice so advisors spend far less time producing reports and far more time on the behavioral coaching and judgment that protect a family’s future.

How should Private Equity use AI?

AI accelerates the deal 80%: sourcing screens, data-room diligence, financial modeling, market research, and portfolio KPI monitoring. The human 20% is where returns are actually made: conviction on a thesis, judging a management team, negotiating terms, and timing the entry and exit. When everyone has the same models, edge comes from judgment, not spreadsheets. Redesign the deal process so the team spends its scarce hours on where capital truly belongs, before the answer becomes obvious to the market.

How should Venture Capital use AI?

Let AI handle the top-of-funnel 80%: deal sourcing signals, market mapping, diligence research, and portfolio tracking. The human 20% is the craft of venture: reading a founder, developing conviction before consensus forms, winning competitive rounds, and guiding companies from a board seat. The best deals look wrong to most people at first. Redesign the firm so partners spend their time on founder judgment and relationships, not on the manual research a machine can do overnight.

How should Home Services use AI?

Give AI the coordination 80%: booking, dispatch and routing, estimate drafting, appointment reminders, follow-up, and review requests. The human 20% is what earns repeat customers: trust in someone’s home, correctly diagnosing the real problem, safety, and quality craftsmanship. Homeowners hire people they trust, not the fastest quote. Redesign the business so the office runs itself and your technicians show up prepared, on time, and focused on the work and the relationship that turn one job into a referral.

How should Coaching use AI?

Let AI take the 80% around the work: scheduling, session prep, resource curation, progress tracking, follow-up, and marketing. The human 20% is the coaching itself: presence, the accountability that changes behavior, the well-timed question that unlocks a breakthrough, and the trust a client leans on. No app replaces someone who truly sees you. Redesign your practice so administration nearly disappears and almost all your energy goes into the transformation clients came to you for.

How should Online Courses & Education Creators use AI?

AI can build the 80%: curriculum outlines, lesson drafts, quizzes, transcripts and captions, repurposed clips, and learner analytics. The human 20% is what makes a course worth buying: your hard-won expertise, the way you explain, the encouragement that keeps students going, and the credibility behind your name. Free AI-generated courses are everywhere now. Redesign your production so you spend your time on real teaching and learner transformation, and give people a reason to learn it from you.

How should Nonprofits use AI?

Route the 80% to AI: grant research and drafting, donor communications, program-data analysis, impact reporting, and administration. The human 20% is the mission’s conscience: judgment about whom to serve, community trust, fairness, and the ethics of allocating limited resources. Every hour on paperwork is an hour off the mission. Redesign operations so a lean team gets its time back for the work only people can do, and so scarce dollars reach the people they’re meant to help.

How should Property Management use AI?

Let AI handle the operational 80%: rent comps, maintenance-ticket triage and routing, applicant screening data, lease administration, and owner financial reporting. The human 20% is relationship and judgment: resolving tenant disputes, deciding on capital spend, retaining good residents, and keeping owners’ trust. Doors are managed by responsiveness and fairness, not by forms. Redesign the workflow so routine tickets and paperwork run themselves and your team spends its time on the tenant and owner relationships that protect the asset.

How should Real Estate Development use AI?

AI accelerates the analytical 80%: site and market analysis, pro-forma modeling, entitlement and zoning research, feasibility studies, and schedule tracking. The human 20% is where a project is won or lost: the vision for a place, weighing capital risk, navigating community and political stakeholders, and the go/no-go call. Models don’t get a project entitled or funded. Redesign the pipeline so analysis is fast and cheap and principals spend their time on vision, relationships, and the consequential decisions.

How should Commercial Real Estate use AI?

Hand AI the CRE 80%: market and submarket analytics, lease abstraction, underwriting support, tenant and comp research, and reporting. The human 20% is the brokerage craft: structuring deals, landlord and tenant relationships, timing a cyclical market, and owning the risk in a recommendation. Data is now a commodity; access and judgment are not. Redesign the desk so analysts stop abstracting leases by hand and brokers spend their hours on relationships, deal-making, and the calls that move a transaction.

How should Residential Brokerage use AI?

Let AI carry the 80%: comparable pulls, listing prep and copy, showing scheduling, lead follow-up, and transaction paperwork. The human 20% is what clients truly need: sharp pricing judgment, skilled negotiation, and steady guidance through an emotional, high-stakes purchase. Portals already hand buyers the listings; they can’t hand them a trusted advocate. Redesign your business so the busywork is automated and you spend your time in front of clients, negotiating and guiding, where your value is undeniable.

How should Architecture use AI?

AI can absorb the technical 80%: drafting support, code and zoning research, energy and structural modeling, quantity takeoffs, documentation, and rapid design iteration and visualization. The human 20% is authorship and responsibility: design intent, reading a site and its context, life-safety judgment, stakeholder alignment, and taste. Generated options are cheap; a building that works for real people is not. Redesign the studio so architects spend their time turning constraints into a solution the world will actually inhabit.

How should Engineering Services use AI?

Let AI handle the 80%: calculations, standards and code lookups, drafting, simulation runs, specification writing, and project documentation. The human 20% is the engineer’s accountability: design intent, the safety sign-off, the professional stamp, and the judgment when field conditions defy the model. A confident calculation on a flawed assumption is dangerous. Redesign the workflow so routine analysis is automated and licensed engineers spend their time verifying, deciding, and standing behind work that must hold up in the real world.

How should Dental Practices use AI?

Give AI the practice 80%: recall and appointment scheduling, radiograph analysis support, treatment-plan drafting, insurance claims and coding, and clinical notes. The human 20% is the chair-side work: clinical judgment, the recommendation you’d make for your own family, easing an anxious patient, and the trust that keeps them coming back. Patients choose a dentist they believe in. Redesign the office so front-desk and documentation load lifts and the team focuses on care and comfort.

How should Veterinary Practices use AI?

AI can handle the 80%: intake and clinical notes, scheduling, differential lists from presented symptoms, imaging support, and reminder outreach. The human 20% is uniquely veterinary: reading a patient who can’t speak, counseling a worried owner, weighing cost against care, and the compassion of end-of-life decisions. The bond is between you, the animal, and the family. Redesign the clinic so records and admin run themselves and your team is present for the medicine and the difficult conversations.

How should Pharmaceuticals use AI?

Let AI drive the 80%: literature synthesis, trial-data and document analysis, pharmacovigilance signal detection, forecasting, quality analytics, and regulatory-submission support. The human 20% is irreducible: scientific judgment on whether evidence is sufficient, weighing patient impact, ethics, and accountability for risk. When health and safety are at stake, speed can never override rigor. Redesign R&D and regulatory workflows so scientists spend their time on the judgment calls, with AI clearing the mountain of analysis and paperwork beneath them.

How should Biotechnology use AI?

AI is powerful for the bench 80%: sequence and assay data analysis, literature mining, experiment-design support, target screening, and regulatory documentation. The human 20% is the science that matters: forming the hypothesis worth testing, judging what evidence justifies advancing, ethics, and owning the risk. Compute can generate endless candidates; it can’t decide which one deserves a patient. Redesign the research pipeline so scientists focus on the hypotheses, interpretation, and risk decisions where human judgment is the whole point.

How should Medical Devices use AI?

Hand AI the development 80%: design simulation, regulatory documentation, quality and complaint analytics, verification testing analysis, and technical writing. The human 20% carries the stakes: safety sign-off, design intent grounded in how real patients and clinicians use the device, risk acceptance, and accountability. A device failure is measured in harm, not downtime. Redesign engineering and quality so routine analysis and paperwork accelerate, while people own every decision about whether the product is safe to put into the world.

How should Mental Health Practices use AI?

Let AI take the 80% around the work: intake paperwork, session-note drafting, scheduling, screening-tool scoring, and resource lookup. The human 20% is the therapy itself: the therapeutic alliance, clinical judgment, recognizing and responding to crisis, and simply being present. Healing happens in a trusted human relationship, never in a chatbot. Redesign the practice so documentation stops eating into care and clinicians can give patients their full, undivided attention, which is the entire point of the work.

How should Fitness & Gyms use AI?

Give AI the 80%: class and trainer scheduling, program generation, member communications, retention and churn analytics, and billing. The human 20% is what actually keeps people showing up: motivation, real coaching, spotting unsafe form, and the personal connection that builds accountability. A generated workout plan doesn’t get anyone off the couch on a hard day. Redesign the club so admin runs itself and trainers spend their time creating the encouragement and relationships a recommendation engine never will.

How should Beauty & Salons use AI?

Let AI handle the 80%: booking and reminders, inventory, product and service recommendations, marketing, and client follow-up. The human 20% is the artistry and the chair-side connection: taste, the trusted read on what will actually suit someone, personal care, and the reputation that fills your book. Clients rebook for how you make them feel and look. Redesign the salon so the front desk runs on automation and your stylists spend their time making each client feel seen, not processed.

How should Spas & Wellness use AI?

Push the 80% to AI: appointment booking, personalized service and package recommendations, inventory, marketing, and follow-up. The human 20% is the experience itself: calm and genuine presence, the trust a client places in your hands, attentive personal care, and the reputation that drives referrals. People come to disconnect and feel restored, and that can’t be automated. Redesign the operation so logistics fade into the background and your practitioners deliver the human care guests are truly paying for.

How should Automotive Dealers use AI?

Let AI run the 80%: inventory and pricing analysis, lead follow-up, finance-and-insurance document prep, service scheduling, and maintenance reminders. The human 20% is where deals close and customers return: negotiation, building trust across a wary buying process, and the service relationship. Shoppers arrive informed and skeptical. Redesign the dealership so busywork is automated and salespeople and advisors spend their time earning trust and owning the decisions where safety and honest dealing actually matter to the customer.

How should Automotive Repair use AI?

AI can carry the shop 80%: diagnostic-code lookups, parts ordering, scheduling, estimate drafting, repair-history reference, and maintenance reminders. The human 20% is the mechanic’s expertise: hands-on diagnosis when the code lies, the safety call on whether a vehicle is roadworthy, and earning a customer’s trust on a repair they can’t verify themselves. Trust is everything in a trade prone to suspicion. Redesign the shop so admin is automated and techs focus on real diagnosis and honest work.

How should Logistics use AI?

Let AI handle the 80%: route optimization, capacity and load planning, shipment tracking, ETA prediction, and documentation. The human 20% shows up when the network breaks: fast tradeoffs during a disruption, carrier and customer relationships, prioritization under pressure, and accountability. Optimization is easy on a normal day and worthless during a crisis. Redesign operations so the routine flows automatically and your people are freed to make the judgment calls when weather, breakdowns, or backlogs throw the plan out.

How should Trucking use AI?

Hand AI the 80%: route and fuel optimization, load matching, ELD and compliance paperwork, maintenance scheduling, and tracking. The human 20% is the driver’s world: safety behind the wheel, real-time road judgment, and keeping the promise of an on-time delivery when conditions change. Miles are planned by software but driven by people. Redesign the operation so dispatchers and drivers aren’t buried in paperwork and can focus on safety and the relationships that keep freight and drivers loyal.

How should Warehousing use AI?

Let AI drive the 80%: slotting, pick-path optimization, inventory counts and reconciliation, labor forecasting, and shipment tracking. The human 20% is on the floor: safety, handling the exception when an order or a bay goes wrong, and the judgment that keeps throughput moving under pressure. A perfectly optimized warehouse still needs people when reality doesn’t cooperate. Redesign operations so the system runs the routine and supervisors spend their time on safety, exceptions, and keeping the team productive.

How should Wholesale Distribution use AI?

AI can run the 80%: demand planning, reorder recommendations, pricing analysis, order processing, routing, and inventory optimization. The human 20% is the commercial core: supplier and customer relationships, negotiation, and the exceptions where the optimal model would damage a partnership. Distribution is a relationship business dressed up as a logistics one. Redesign the operation so the routine ordering and analysis are automated and your team protects the relationships and economics when the numbers and the real world disagree.

How should Food & Beverage Manufacturing use AI?

Let AI take the 80%: demand forecasting, production planning, quality analytics, procurement, formulation support, and traceability. The human 20% is what protects the brand: food safety, sensory and taste judgment, supplier choices, and accountability when efficiency and quality collide. A recall or an off batch can undo years of trust. Redesign operations so data handles planning and analysis while your people own the safety calls and the sensory standards that keep customers loyal to what’s in the package.

How should Consumer Packaged Goods use AI?

Give AI the 80%: demand forecasting, trade-promotion and shelf analytics, pricing, content variants, personalization, and distribution planning. The human 20% is the brand: what the product stands for, genuine innovation, taste, and the reputation that earns a place in the cart. In a crowded aisle, meaning beats optimization. Redesign the business so analysis and campaign production run on automation and your people spend their time building the brand and product that make shoppers reach past the cheaper alternative.

How should Fashion & Apparel use AI?

Let AI handle the 80%: trend and demand forecasting, size-curve and assortment planning, merchandising, marketing content, and personalization. The human 20% is the soul of the label: design taste, brand identity, and the cultural read on what people will want to wear next. Algorithms chase last season; designers define the next one. Redesign the business so planning and marketing run efficiently and your creative team spends its time on the aesthetic point of view that makes the brand worth wearing.

How should Jewelry use AI?

AI can absorb the 80%: inventory and pricing, product-photo editing, personalized recommendations, marketing, and client follow-up. The human 20% is what a jeweler truly sells: craftsmanship, guiding customers through emotional milestones like engagements and anniversaries, trust on a high-value purchase, and taste. People buy meaning, not just metal and stones. Redesign the business so operations run themselves and your time goes to the design, the personal guidance, and the trust that turn a purchase into a memory.

How should Furniture & Home Furnishings use AI?

Let AI run the 80%: demand planning, catalog and room-visualization support, pricing, delivery-logistics coordination, and personalization. The human 20% is the design guidance and quality trust: helping a customer make a piece work in their actual space, taste, and standing behind durability. Furniture is a considered, high-trust purchase people live with for years. Redesign the business so logistics and analysis are automated and your team spends its time on design advice and the relationships that reduce a big decision’s risk.

How should Travel Agencies use AI?

Hand AI the 80%: itinerary research, fare and availability searches, booking administration, document prep, and follow-up. The human 20% is why travelers still call an advisor: knowing them personally, handling disruptions when a trip falls apart, insider knowledge, and trusted advice. Anyone can book a flight online; not everyone can rescue a ruined honeymoon. Redesign the practice so research and booking are automated and agents spend their time on relationships, expertise, and being the human a traveler needs when plans go sideways.

How should Airlines use AI?

AI is built for the 80%: crew and fleet scheduling, revenue management, predictive maintenance, disruption forecasting, and routine passenger service. The human 20% is where lives and reputations sit: safety decisions, irregular-operations command when weather cascades into chaos, cockpit and cabin-crew judgment, and genuine passenger care. Systems optimize the good days; people carry the bad ones. Redesign operations so automation runs the routine and trained people own the safety-critical calls and the moments passengers actually remember.

How should Hotels use AI?

Let AI handle the 80%: revenue management, guest personalization, housekeeping and staff scheduling, upsell targeting, forecasting, and review triage. The human 20% is the hospitality that earns loyalty: a warm welcome, service recovery when a stay goes wrong, and local knowledge that makes a trip. Guests forgive glitches when they feel genuinely cared for. Redesign the property so operations run on automation and your staff are freed to create the human moments that turn a booking into a returning guest.

How should Event Planning use AI?

Give AI the 80%: venue and vendor research, timelines and run-of-show drafts, budget tracking, RSVP and logistics coordination, and communications. The human 20% is the artistry and the composure: the creative concept, on-site problem-solving when a vendor no-shows, the host relationship, and taste. Events are judged on feeling and on how the inevitable crisis was handled. Redesign the workflow so planning and logistics are automated and you spend your energy on the creative vision and calm command that make an event unforgettable.

How should Entertainment use AI?

Let AI carry the 80%: script coverage, production scheduling and logistics, editing and VFX assistance, localization, and audience analytics. The human 20% is the creative center: vision, storytelling, cultural instinct, talent relationships, and taste. Audiences reward what moves them, and that can’t be generated to formula. Redesign production so the mechanical work is automated and creators spend their time making something people actively choose to feel, watch, and remember, rather than content that merely fills a feed.

How should Music use AI?

AI can handle the 80%: stem editing and cleanup, mixing and mastering assistance, catalog metadata, distribution, and streaming analytics. The human 20% is the art: emotional truth, the artist’s voice, live performance, and the taste that separates a song people love from noise. Listeners connect to a human behind the music. Redesign the workflow so technical production is faster and cheaper and the artist’s time goes to creativity, performance, and the authenticity that builds a real audience.

How should Film & Video Production use AI?

Let AI take the 80%: pre-production planning, transcription and logging, rough-cut assembly, color and audio cleanup, and localization. The human 20% is the filmmaking: directorial vision, story structure, drawing out performance, and taste in the edit. Tools speed the pipeline, but they don’t decide what the film is about or why it should move someone. Redesign production so the technical grind is automated and the creative team spends its time on the vision and craft that make the work worth watching.

How should Gaming use AI?

Hand AI the 80%: code generation, QA and playtesting analytics, asset and level generation, moderation support, localization, and live-ops tuning. The human 20% is what makes a game stick: the design vision, the feel of fun, narrative, community judgment, and player trust. Content can be mass-produced; a reason to keep playing cannot. Redesign development so the pipeline runs on automation and designers spend their time on the experience, the fun, and the community that make a game worth returning to.

How should Sports Organizations use AI?

Let AI run the 80%: performance and scouting analytics, scheduling, media production, fan personalization, and operations analysis. The human 20% is the leadership and instinct: coaching decisions, the split-second call in a live game, developing talent, building culture, and reading momentum. Data informs the game; it doesn’t win it in the moment. Redesign the organization so analysis and operations are automated and coaches, scouts, and leaders spend their time where performance, emotion, and competition collide in real time.

How should Telecommunications use AI?

AI is suited to the 80%: network monitoring, capacity analysis, predictive maintenance, incident detection, and routine remediation. The human 20% is the high-consequence work: resilience and architecture decisions, security, incident command when the network is down, and accountability. Millions depend on infrastructure that cannot simply fail. Redesign operations so automation handles the constant flood of alerts and telemetry, and your best engineers are freed to own the architecture choices and the exceptions where downtime is not an option.

How should Cybersecurity use AI?

Let AI carry the 80%: threat monitoring, anomaly detection, log correlation, vulnerability prioritization, response automation, and documentation. The human 20% is adversarial judgment: anticipating an attacker who adapts, incident command under fire, deciding what risk is acceptable, and accountability. You’re defending against people, not just patterns. Redesign the SOC so analysts aren’t buried in alert fatigue and can focus on the strategic calls, because the attacker is using AI too, and only judgment decides where to draw the line.

How should IT Services use AI?

Give AI the 80%: monitoring, ticket handling and triage, troubleshooting scripts, documentation, configuration analysis, and reporting. The human 20% is client-facing judgment: architecture decisions, security, understanding what a client actually needs, and knowing when the textbook-correct fix is wrong for their business. Clients pay for outcomes, not ticket volume. Redesign the practice so routine support is automated and your technicians spend their time on the judgment and relationships that make a technically right answer also the right answer for the client.

How should Cloud Services use AI?

Let AI handle the 80%: monitoring, capacity and cost optimization, infrastructure-as-code drafting, incident detection, and routine remediation. The human 20% is where consequence concentrates: resilience and architecture decisions, security posture, incident leadership, and accountability when systems go down. Everything downstream depends on infrastructure staying up. Redesign operations so automation manages scale and toil, and your engineers are freed to own the architecture and the high-stakes incidents where a wrong call cascades across every customer you serve.

How should Energy use AI?

AI can run the 80%: demand forecasting, asset and grid monitoring, predictive maintenance, dispatch optimization, and reporting. The human 20% carries public consequences: safety, reliability judgment, regulatory context, crisis response, and accountability. When the lights go out, efficiency stops mattering and reliability is everything. Redesign operations so data drives the routine optimization and your people own the decisions where safety, reliability, and the public good must outweigh the most cost-efficient answer the model would otherwise recommend.

How should Renewable Energy use AI?

Let AI take the 80%: generation forecasting from weather, asset performance monitoring, predictive maintenance, grid-integration optimization, and reporting. The human 20% is the judgment renewables demand: safety, reliability decisions amid intermittency, siting and regulatory navigation, and crisis response. Balancing a variable resource against a grid that must stay stable is a human responsibility. Redesign operations so forecasting and monitoring are automated and your people own the reliability and safety calls where public consequences outweigh raw efficiency.

How should Utilities use AI?

Hand AI the 80%: demand forecasting, outage detection, predictive maintenance, dispatch optimization, and billing analytics. The human 20% is the public trust: safety, reliability judgment, regulatory accountability, and crisis leadership when service fails. Communities depend on the water and power staying on, and a utility answers to regulators and the public for it. Redesign operations so automation handles the constant monitoring and your people own the high-consequence decisions where reliability and public safety must come before efficiency.

How should Oil & Gas use AI?

Let AI carry the 80%: seismic and production data analysis, predictive maintenance, logistics optimization, monitoring, and reporting. The human 20% is where the stakes are highest: safety, high-consequence operational calls, environmental and regulatory accountability, and crisis command. A single failure can cost lives and cause lasting damage. Redesign operations so analysis and monitoring run on automation and experienced people own the decisions where safety, environmental risk, and public consequences make human judgment and accountability non-negotiable.

How should Agriculture use AI?

AI can handle the 80%: crop and soil monitoring, weather and yield forecasting, irrigation optimization, equipment planning, and market intelligence. The human 20% is the farmer’s read: stewardship of land and animals, timing decisions the data can’t fully call, and owning the risk of a season. Sensors describe the field, but they don’t feel the weather turning. Redesign the operation so analytics inform the routine and your judgment combines the data with what the land, animals, and season are actually telling you.

How should Food Service & Catering use AI?

Give AI the 80%: event demand forecasting, menu costing, staff scheduling, ordering, delivery logistics, and client communications. The human 20% is the craft and the service: taste, flawless execution on the day, the host and guest relationship, culture in the kitchen, and recovery when something slips. Catering is judged on a single event with no do-over. Redesign operations so planning and admin are automated and your team focuses on the food quality and the hospitality that earn the next booking.

How should Franchising use AI?

Let AI run the 80%: multi-unit reporting, lead generation, training-content production, compliance monitoring, and franchisee support. The human 20% is the balancing act at the heart of the model: knowing when a standardized process must bend to a local customer or situation, franchisee relationships, negotiation, and accountability. Consistency is the promise; rigidity is the risk. Redesign the system so franchisees get automated support and data, and franchisor leaders spend their time on the relationships and judgment that keep the brand both consistent and human.

How should Printing & Packaging use AI?

AI can absorb the 80%: quoting and estimating, prepress checks, job scheduling, version and proof management, quality-control analysis, and order management. The human 20% is the craft and the promise: color and quality standards, client judgment, solving the custom-job problem, and the relationships that drive repeat orders. Physical production is unforgiving, and reprints eat margin. Redesign the shop so estimating and scheduling are automated and your people focus on the quality standards and client trust that deliver the promised outcome, every run.

How should Public Relations use AI?

Let AI take the 80%: media monitoring, press-release and pitch drafts, media-list building, sentiment analysis, and coverage reporting. The human 20% is the judgment reputations depend on: shaping the narrative, real relationships with journalists, crisis calls made in minutes, and the trust behind a spokesperson. In a crisis, a generic statement makes things worse. Redesign the practice so monitoring and drafting are automated and PR pros spend their time on narrative strategy, relationships, and the split-second judgment that protects a client’s name.

How should Market Research use AI?

Hand AI the 80%: survey-instrument drafting, data cleaning, coding open-ended responses, cross-tabs, and report production. The human 20% is the interpretation that makes research worth commissioning: designing a valid study, understanding the “why” behind the numbers, and turning data into an insight a client can act on. Anyone can chart a result; few can explain what it means. Redesign the workflow so fielding and tabulation are automated and researchers spend their time on study design and the insight that drives decisions.

How should Translation & Localization use AI?

AI handles the 80%: first-pass translation, terminology and translation-memory management, QA checks, formatting, and subtitle timing. The human 20% is what machines still miss: cultural nuance, tone, idiom, and preserving brand voice across languages so the meaning, not just the words, arrives intact. A literal translation can be technically correct and completely wrong. Redesign the workflow so raw translation is automated and linguists spend their time on the cultural and creative judgment that makes content land in another market.

How should Graphic Design use AI?

Let AI carry the 80%: mockups and variations, background removal, resizing across formats, asset production, and repurposing. The human 20% is the design thinking: the concept, taste, interpreting what a client actually needs, and a point of view that makes the work feel authored. Generated visuals are everywhere and mostly forgettable. Redesign your process so production is fast and your time goes to the concept and craft that make a client choose you over a template, because designed intent still beats machine output.

How should Photography use AI?

AI can absorb the 80%: culling, retouching, keyword tagging, batch editing, gallery delivery, and scheduling. The human 20% is the photographer’s eye: seeing the moment, directing subjects, the creative vision on a shoot, and the client relationship. Editing can be automated; the frame you chose to capture cannot. Redesign your workflow so post-production and admin nearly disappear and you spend your time behind the camera and with clients, where the vision and connection that define your work actually happen.

How should Videography use AI?

Let AI take the 80%: footage logging, rough-cut assembly, transcription, captions, color and audio cleanup, and delivery. The human 20% is the storytelling: the shooting eye, directing the shoot, structuring the narrative in the edit, and the client trust behind a project. Software speeds the cut, but it doesn’t decide what story you’re telling. Redesign the process so technical post-production is automated and your time goes to shooting and shaping the story, which is what clients hire you to do.

How should Writers & Authors use AI?

AI can handle the 80%: research, outlining, first drafts, line editing, formatting, and repurposing. The human 20% is what makes writing worth reading: your voice, originality, lived truth, and the courage to say something only you would say. Generic prose is now free and infinite, which makes a distinct voice more valuable, not less. Redesign your process so drafting and cleanup are faster and your energy goes to the ideas and the voice that make readers want to read you specifically.

How should Podcasters use AI?

Let AI carry the 80%: guest research and prep, show notes, audio editing, clip extraction, transcription, and distribution. The human 20% is the reason people listen: genuine conversation, curiosity, chemistry with guests, and the authentic voice that builds a loyal audience. Nobody subscribes to a perfectly edited show with nothing to say. Redesign your production so the technical work is automated and you spend your time on the conversations and connection that make listeners choose your voice over the thousands of others.

How should YouTubers use AI?

AI can absorb the 80%: title and thumbnail concept testing, scripting drafts, editing, chaptering, SEO, and analytics. The human 20% is what the algorithm can’t fake: your on-camera personality, the creative concept, and the trust that turns viewers into subscribers. Anyone can churn out generic uploads; almost no one can be someone people want to watch. Redesign your workflow so production is efficient and your time goes to the ideas and the presence that make your channel worth returning to.

How should Newsletter Creators use AI?

Let AI take the 80%: research, draft assembly, subject-line variants, list segmentation, send scheduling, and analytics. The human 20% is why people open you: your editorial voice, the curation judgment that decides what’s worth their inbox, and the reader trust you’ve earned. A generated digest gets unsubscribed fast. Redesign your process so production is automated and your energy goes to the point of view and curation that make readers feel your newsletter is written by a person worth hearing from.

How should Influencers use AI?

AI can handle the 80%: content ideation, editing, caption and hashtag drafting, DM triage, brand-deal research, and analytics. The human 20% is the whole asset: authenticity, taste, the audience’s trust, and the judgment about which partnerships are worth your name. Followers can smell a purely manufactured feed, and trust is hard to rebuild. Redesign your workflow so production runs efficiently and your time goes to the authentic connection and taste that make an audience, and brands, believe in you.

How should Virtual Assistants use AI?

Let AI absorb the 80%: inbox and calendar management, research, drafting, data entry, travel booking, and scheduling. The human 20% is what makes a great assistant irreplaceable: anticipating what a client needs before they ask, discretion with sensitive matters, judgment on priorities, and trust. Task execution is now cheap; reliable judgment is not. Redesign your service so routine tasks are automated and you deliver the anticipation and trusted judgment that make a client feel genuinely supported rather than merely helped.

How should Bookkeeping Services use AI?

Hand AI the 80%: transaction coding, bank-feed reconciliation, receipt capture, categorization, and monthly-close prep. The human 20% is the value clients keep paying for: catching the anomaly that doesn’t fit, advising on what the numbers mean for the business, and judgment on ambiguous entries. Data entry is racing to zero cost. Redesign the service so the mechanical bookkeeping runs on automation and you move up the value chain into advisory and oversight, because clients increasingly want insight, not just clean ledgers.

How should Tax Preparation use AI?

Let AI take the 80%: data extraction from documents, form population, deduction and credit lookups, calculations, and prior-year comparisons. The human 20% is the judgment that carries liability: interpreting gray areas, tax-planning strategy, standing behind the return you sign, and the client trust behind it. Software has done rote returns for years; advice is where the value is. Redesign the practice so preparation is automated and your time goes to planning and judgment that save clients more than the filing fee.

How should Mortgage Brokers use AI?

AI can run the 80%: borrower and property research, document analysis, underwriting support, scenario modeling, follow-up, and pipeline coordination. The human 20% is where deals actually get done: credit judgment on a borderline file, understanding a borrower’s real situation, lender relationships, negotiation, and accountability. A model scores the file; it doesn’t understand the person or the property. Redesign the workflow so paperwork and analysis are automated and brokers spend their time on the human and property risk the numbers can’t fully capture.

How should Title & Escrow Services use AI?

Let AI handle the 80%: document review, title-search support, transaction coordination, exception detection, communications, and reporting. The human 20% is the judgment that protects the deal: interpreting a clouded title or unusual exception, resolving problems before closing, trust, and accountability for a clean transfer. One missed lien can unravel a closing. Redesign the process so routine review and coordination are automated and your people focus on the exceptions and the transaction accountability where a nonstandard document demands human judgment.

How should Government Contractors use AI?

Give AI the 80%: RFP parsing, compliance-matrix building, proposal drafting, past-performance libraries, and reporting. The human 20% is the judgment public work demands: the bid/no-bid call, navigating policy and stakeholder realities, ethics, relationships, and accountability to the mission and the public. Winning work you can’t deliver well is a trap. Redesign the capture process so proposal production is automated and your team spends its time on strategy, compliance judgment, and the stakeholder realities that no efficiency gain can reduce away.

How should Associations & Membership Organizations use AI?

Let AI take the 80%: member communications, content production, event administration, research, segmentation, and reporting. The human 20% is what membership is really about: creating belonging, convening people, advancing the mission, and the relationships and judgment that hold a community together. Members renew for connection, not for a newsletter. Redesign operations so administration runs on automation and your team spends its time building the shared purpose and belonging that turn members into a genuine community rather than a mailing list.

How should Higher Education use AI?

AI can carry the 80%: course-material adaptation, tutoring support, enrollment and administrative analytics, research assistance, and grading support. The human 20% is the formative work: mentorship, teaching students to think critically, safeguarding, and the intellectual challenge that shapes a person. A degree’s worth lies in development, not information delivery. Redesign teaching and support so administrative and content load lifts and faculty spend their time mentoring and creating the conditions in which students genuinely grow as thinkers and people.

How should K-12 Education use AI?

Let AI absorb the 80%: lesson planning, differentiation of materials, grading support, parent communications, and administration. The human 20% is what children actually need: nurturing, safeguarding, classroom judgment, and the teacher who inspires a kid to care. No tool raises a child or notices the student having a hard day. Redesign the teacher’s workload so paperwork and prep shrink and educators spend their time on the relationships, encouragement, and judgment that shape how young people learn and grow.

How should Childcare use AI?

Give AI the 80%: scheduling, activity and lesson-plan support, parent communications and updates, developmental tracking, and administration. The human 20% is the care itself: safety, attachment, nurturing, minute-to-minute judgment, and the family’s trust. Parents hand you the most precious thing they have, and no app can hold or comfort a child. Redesign operations so administrative load lifts and caregivers give children their full presence and attention, because the whole job is caring for the child, not managing the paperwork.

How should Senior Living use AI?

Let AI handle the 80%: staffing and scheduling, health and safety monitoring, care documentation, activity planning, and family updates. The human 20% is the heart of the work: dignity, companionship, empathy, and the difficult judgment calls about a resident’s health and family wishes. Residents and families choose you for how people are treated, not for your software. Redesign operations so documentation and logistics run on automation and caregivers spend their time protecting dignity and trust when care becomes deeply personal.

How should Home Healthcare use AI?

AI can carry the 80%: visit scheduling, route planning, documentation, medication reminders, and monitoring alerts. The human 20% is the care delivered at the bedside: clinical judgment in the home, empathy, communicating with anxious families, difficult conversations, and accountability. Care in someone’s home is intimate and unpredictable, and a caregiver’s presence is the service. Redesign the operation so scheduling and paperwork run themselves and caregivers spend their time understanding the person behind the chart and owning the decisions that affect their health.

Start with the framework itself — The Dermer Rule — then see what every business needs in place with The Five Foundations and the nine dimensions of the entrepreneurial struggle. The Dermer Rule is a framework from Michael Dermer, founder of The Lonely Entrepreneur.